Data breaches are becoming increasingly common, and the personal information exposed in these incidents can put your credit and financial health at risk. If you’ve been notified of a data breach—or want to prepare just in case—there are important steps you can take to secure your credit and protect your identity.
1. Monitor Your Credit Reports
The first thing you should do after a data breach is review your credit reports for any unfamiliar activity.
- Get your free credit reports: Visit AnnualCreditReport.com to access your reports from the three major credit bureaus—Equifax, Experian, and TransUnion. Through at least the end of 2026, you can request them weekly at no cost.
- Look for inaccuracies: Check for accounts you don’t recognize, hard inquiries you didn’t initiate, or changes to personal information like your address.
2. Freeze Your Credit
A credit freeze is one of the most effective ways to stop identity thieves from opening new accounts in your name. It’s free and doesn’t impact your credit score.
- Contact all three bureaus: You must place a freeze with Equifax, Experian, and TransUnion individually.
- Unfreeze as needed: You can temporarily lift the freeze when applying for credit, then refreeze later.
3. Set Up Fraud Alerts
If you think your information has been compromised, placing a fraud alert is another smart move.
- Start with one bureau: Contact any one of the three credit bureaus to request a one-year fraud alert—they will notify the others automatically.
- Increased security: A fraud alert tells lenders to take extra steps to verify your identity before opening credit in your name.
4. Use Credit Monitoring Services
Credit monitoring can help you detect suspicious activity quickly. These services alert you to changes in your credit file, such as new accounts or inquiries.
- Check for free options: Many banks, credit card companies, and identity theft protection services offer complimentary credit monitoring.
- Compare paid services: If you want more comprehensive protection, consider a paid service that includes identity monitoring and recovery support.
5. Change Affected Passwords and Enable Two-Factor Authentication
After a breach, especially if passwords were compromised, security hygiene is a must.
- Update passwords: Change passwords associated with the breached account and any others using the same or similar credentials.
- Use a password manager: These tools help you create and store strong, unique passwords for each account.
- Enable two-factor authentication (2FA): Add an extra layer of security with a code sent to your phone or email.
6. File Identity Theft Reports if Necessary
If you believe someone is using your information fraudulently, take immediate action.
- Report to the FTC: Go to IdentityTheft.gov to file a report and get a recovery plan tailored to your situation.
- File a police report: In some cases, your creditors may require this to investigate and resolve fraudulent charges.
Final Thoughts
While a data breach can feel overwhelming, taking quick and thoughtful steps can stop criminals in their tracks and protect your financial future. Be proactive about monitoring your credit, freezing your reports, and improving your digital security. A little prevention now can save you a lot of hassle later.